The Role of Institutionalization Police Support in Emergency Situation: Evidence from Indonesia

Role of Police Supporting Institutions in an Emergency in Indonesia. Regulations related to police duties and the condition of medical personnel are actually at the forefront of emergencies and pandemic disasters, but in Indonesia the police also called the front guard in efforts to prevent the emergency spread of Covid-19. It can be seen if there is gaps in the implementation of police duties during an emergency. This study aims to find out the existence of police as the institution that having mandate to manage and handle emergencies situation such as pandemic of COVID-19. This study used doctrinal legal research as one of the legal research methods. The findings show that management of health protection in Indonesia particularly in pandemic situation had not maximal. As can be seen there are several barriers to Indonesian Police in handling the emergency situations. Firstly, the internal problem in the institution, then it needs a revitalization. Secondly, the lack of adequate funding for the police's performance. Thirdly, as well as the external cause is the lack of publick awareness or the culture of society to be able to cooperate with the police in preventing the spread of COVID-19 in Indonesia. © 2023, Lembaga Contrarius Indonesia. All rights reserved.

Evaluation of Neutrophil Percentage to Albumin Ratio as Predictor of Mortality in Patients with Covid-19

Background: Inflammatory acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) is caused by the COV-2 virus. Neutrophils have been implicated in the pathophysiology of the COVID-19 pandemic since its inception, particularly in individuals with advanced disease. This is confirmed by a large number of studies. Method(s): The study included 200 patients, of whom 100 were in the critical group (group 1) and 100 were in the non-critical group (group 2). White blood cell (WBC) percentage, neutrophil count, albumin, and demographic information were recorded. Neutrophil percentage x 100 /Albumin (g/dl) was used to construct the neutrophil count to albumin ratio (NPAR). To determine whether the measure may be utilized as a predictor for mortality, the NPAR is then compared between groups 1 and 2, as well as between discharge and mortality groups. Result(s): Age and gender had no statistically significant differences in either group. There were no significant variations in the median (IQR) values of neutrophil count (89 vs 91.25), WBC (15.65 vs 14.9), and NPAR (41.3 vs 43.7) between the two groups. Significant differences in albumin (3.330.521 vs. 3.10.51) were identified between the critical and non-critical groups. Conclusion(s): According to our research, the COVID-19 patients' NPAR is a poor predictor of mortality. More study is still required to verify and elucidate the clinical implications of these findings.Copyright © 2023 Lahore Medical And Dental College. All rights reserved.

Benchmarking Framework for COVID-19 Classification Machine Learning Method Based on Fuzzy Decision by Opinion Score Method

Coronavirus disease (COVID-19), which is caused by SARS-CoV-2, has been announced as a global pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO), which results in the collapsing of the healthcare systems in several countries around the globe. Machine learning (ML) methods are one of the most utilized approaches in artificial intelligence (AI) to classify COVID-19 images. However, there are many machine-learning methods used to classify COVID-19. The question is: which machine learning method is best over multi-criteria evaluation? Therefore, this research presents benchmarking of COVID-19 machine learning methods, which is recognized as a multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) problem. In the recent century, the trend of developing different MCDM approaches has been raised based on different perspectives;however, the latest one, namely, the fuzzy decision by opinion score method that was produced in 2020, has efficiently been able to solve some existing issues that other methods could not manage to solve. because of the multiple criteria decision-making problem and because some criteria have a conflict problem. The methodology of this research was divided into two main stages. The first stage related to identifying the decision matrix used eight different ML methods on chest X-ray (CXR) images and extracted a new decision matrix so as to assess the ML methods. The second stage related to FDOSM was utilized to solve the multiple criteria decision-making problems. The results of this research are as follows: (1) The individual benchmarking results of three decision makers are nearly identical;however, among all the used ML methods, neural networks (NN) achieved the best results. (2) The results of the benchmarking group are comparable, and the neural network machine learning method is the best among the used methods. (3) The final rank is more logical and closest to the decision-makers' opinion. (4) Significant differences among groups' scores are shown by our validation results, which indicate the authenticity of our results. Finally, this research presents many benefits, especially for hospitals and medical clinics, with a view to speeding up the diagnosis of patients suffering from COVID-19 using the best machine learning method. © 2023 University of Baghdad-College of Science. All rights reserved.

Mathematical model for the novel coronavirus (2019-nCOV) with clinical data using fractional operator.

Coronavirus infection (COVID-19) is a considerably dangerous disease with a high demise rate around the world. There is no known vaccination or medicine until our time because the unknown aspects of the virus are more significant than our theoretical and experimental knowledge. One of the most effective strategies for comprehending and controlling the spread of this epidemic is to model it using a powerful mathematical model. However, mathematical modeling with a fractional operator can provide explanations for the disease's possibility and severity. Accordingly, basic information will be provided to identify the kind of measure and intrusion that will be required to control the disease's progress. In this study, we propose using a fractional-order SEIARPQ model with the Caputo sense to model the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, which has never been done before in the literature. The stability analysis, existence, uniqueness theorems, and numerical solutions of such a model are displayed. All results were numerically simulated using MATLAB programming. The current study supports the applicability and influence of fractional operators on real-world problems.

A Case of Rhabdomyolysis Leading to ESRD Secondary to Influenza A Infection in a 70-Year-Old Patient

Introduction: Rhabdomyolysis is a serious clinical syndrome characterized by muscle breakdown and release of damaging proteins. Influenza infection has been increasingly reported as a causative disease. We are reporting an unusual case of severe rhabdomyolysis with acute renal failure leading to ESRD due to influenza A infection Case Description: A 70-year-old female with PMHx of hyperlipidemia and hypothyroidism, admitted with body aches along with flulike symptoms for 4 days duration, no history of seizure or trauma, only on levothyroxine at home. Physical exam with stable vital signs, clear lungs. Labs were pertinent for WBC 31.0x109, eosinophilia 20%, creatinine 1.4mg/dl (baseline 0.9) and AST/ALT 2590/530 mg/dl, hepatitis screen negative, urine analysis with +3 blood, 3 RBCs, +1 protein. CK 104,740 U/L, influenza A PCR positive, negative PCR for influenza B, COVID 19. Diagnosis of acute renal failure secondary to rhabdomyolysis secondary to influenza A was made, patient was started on oseltamivir and required renal replacement therapy, no recovery after 3 months and labeled ESRD Discussion: Influenza A is a negative-sense RNA virus, transmitted by large droplets and small particle aerosols, complication of influenza includes but not limited to pneumonia, encephalitis, myocarditis and Myositis which can be secondary to Direct invasion of muscle tissue by the viral agent, Myotoxic cytokines release and Immunologic processes induced by the viral infection. Rhabdomyolysis is a syndrome characterized by muscle necrosis and the release of intracellular muscle constituents into the circulation. It might occur due to trauma, drugs, bacterial or viral infections or others, Creatine kinase levels are typically elevated. The risk of AKI is higher with CK levels of more than 15 to 20,000 units/L, caused mainly by Volume depletion resulting in renal ischemia, tubular obstruction due to heme pigment casts, and tubular injury from free chelatable iron. Treatment is mainly by large volume administration of isotonic fluids, renal replacement therapy may be needed for sever cases. Conclusion(s): Influenza can be a serious disease leading to serious complications, extra caution should be considered in patients who develop acute renal failure after influenza infection;rhabdomyolysis should be suspected, investigated, and treated appropriately.

Knowledge, Attitude and Practice Among Covid-19 Health Care Workers A Quantitative Study on the Covid 19 Health Care Workers of Sindh Infectious Disease Hospital Karachi Pakistan

Background: As per the World Health Organization (WHO), the coronavirus diagnosis 2019 (COVID-19) increase in the prevalence has turned into a pandemic, to date world has witnessed 5 waves of COVID- and it has now infected over 200 countries / regions, resulting in over 7.5 million infections and 4,19,568 fatalities worldwide Objective: To assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices among COVID-19 Health care workers of COVID-19. Methodology: This was cross sectional studyand carried at Sindh Infectious Disease Hospital and Research Centre (SIDH & RC), a specialized COVID-19 hospital. Data will be collected through questionnaires and the respondents will be healthcare workers (doctors/medical practitioners and nurses) dealing with COVID 19 patients. Data was analysed by the SPSS version: 21. Result(s): In total, there are 111 participants;56.8% of them are male COVID-19 health care workers Most of the Healthcare worker age range was 21-30 years. The received responses from 3 persons aged 51 and older, which represented 2.7% of the total population. The knowledge attitude and practices among the COVID-19 health care workers and all of them found that Awareness of COVID-19 among medical professionals is high. As people age, they get a more mature perspective on COVID19 infection, which in turn leads to more responsible behavior. Conclusion(s):89% of the healthcare professionals who were evaluated have the necessary understanding of COVID-19. On the basis of the findings of this research, future efforts to increase awareness and educate people can more effectively target specific knowledge and practice gaps. Copyright © 2022 Lahore Medical And Dental College. All rights reserved.

CHARACTERISTICS OF COVID-19 INFECTION-RELATED MYOCARDITIS: AN UPDATED SYSTEMATIC REVIEW

SESSION TITLE: Late Breaking Posters in Critical Care SESSION TYPE: Original Investigation Posters PRESENTED ON: 10/18/2022 01:30 pm - 02:30 pm PURPOSE: This systematic review aims to better understand the clinical characteristics, comorbidities, diagnostic findings, and clinical outcomes associated with COVID-19 myocarditis. METHODS: A search for “COVID-19 OR SARS COV-2 OR Coronavirus AND Myocarditis” was performed on 1/4/2022. 2011 studies from Embase and 1165 studies from PubMed were identified. Selection criteria included studies on SARS COV-2 infection-related myocarditis. 142 PubMed and 104 Embase studies were identified. Studies were appraised per protocols and s, vaccine-related myocarditis, uncertain vaccine/infection-related myocarditis, and, systematic reviews. Duplicate studies were removed. A total of 53 articles from which 57 cases were selected to be part of this systematic review. Data on age, sex, days since diagnosis, comorbid conditions such as morbid obesity, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, CAD, preexisting CHF, ischemic heart disease, D- Dimer, ferritin, high sensitivity troponin, BNP, EKG, echocardiogram, cMRI findings, medications, ventilation requirements, and mortality were extracted from 57 studies and were analyzed using IBM SPSS v26. RESULTS: Mean EF was 32.65 ± 16.57 %. EKG findings of diffuse ST elevation were present in 22% of all cases. Echocardiogram findings of diffuse hypokinesis present in 42.1% and depressed EF in 31.6% of all cases. 21.1% required non-invasive ventilation while 26.3% of all cases ended up requiring mechanical ventilation. Ischemic cardiomyopathy was present in 1.7%, Hypertension in 24.5%, Hyperlipidemia in 7%, Morbid obesity, and a previous diagnosis of CHF was present in 0% of all cases. Overall mortality was seen in 5.3% of all cases. 50% of the cases reported using cardiac MRI (cMRI) and 58% with reported cMRI findings met the Lake Louis criteria for diagnosis of myocarditis. CONCLUSIONS: This systematic review presents findings of demographics, comorbidities, diagnostic findings, and clinical outcomes of adult COVID-19 patients with myocarditis. The mean days since COVID-19 diagnosis has a wide range due to varied presentations noted in case reports. The previously presumed high-risk factors for COVID-19-related myocarditis are not present in a significant percentage of the cases. SARS-CoV2 myocarditis-related mortality is lower in cases than expected. In the setting of the appropriate clinical context, acute/subacute chest pain, with elevated cardiac biomarkers, abnormal EKGs, and echocardiogram findings in patients with recent or /remote SARS-CoV2 infection/ vaccination, a clinical diagnosis of myocarditis can be made in absence of cMRI. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: Diagnosis of SARS-CoV2-related myocarditis can be made based on clinical presentation, abnormal EKG, and echocardiogram with or without the added benefit of cardiac MRI. This systematic review aims to update current knowledge on the characteristics of COVID-19 infection-related myocarditis. DISCLOSURES: No relevant relationships by Mubashir Ayaz Ahmed No relevant relationships by Hari Bhattarai No relevant relationships by shyam chalise No relevant relationships by Saral Desai No relevant relationships by Shayet Hossain Eshan No relevant relationships by Sudha Misra No relevant relationships by Zahin Islam Rafa No relevant relationships by Shrungavi Ramanathan No relevant relationships by Monica Sharma

TIME TO EXPAND THE USE OF CASIRIVIMAB/IMDEVIMAB MONOCLONAL ANTIBODY THERAPY? A CASE OF COMPASSIONATE USE IN SEVERE COVID-19 PNEUMONIA

SESSION TITLE: COVID-19 Case Report Posters 1 SESSION TYPE: Case Report Posters PRESENTED ON: 10/17/2022 12:15 pm - 01:15 pm INTRODUCTION: The FDA limits REGEN-COV (Casirivimab/Imdevimab) use to asymptomatic adults at high risk for progression to severe COVID-19 pneumonia or post-exposure prophylaxis. Here, we present a case of compassionate use of REGEN-COV in severe COVID-19 pneumonia. CASE PRESENTATION: A 76-year-old male with a medical history significant for COPD, Rheumatoid arthritis (treated with hydroxychloroquine and low dose steroids), and monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) presented with one week of fever, cough, and fatigue. He was febrile to 103 F, with normal oxygen saturation on admission. SARS-CoV-2 rapid molecular PCR was positive. He was started on Levofloxacin, but he did not meet the criteria for administration of dexamethasone, remdesivir, or monoclonal antibody (mAb) therapy. On day one of admission, he became hypoxemic and was subsequently started on dexamethasone and remdesivir. He was given convalescent plasma to address inadequate antibody response to COVID-19 immunization secondary to his chronic immunosuppressed/immunodeficient state. His hypoxemia continued to worsen, requiring high-flow nasal cannula oxygen (HFNC). A regimen of tocilizumab was also initiated. CT chest angiography ruled out pulmonary embolism but revealed diffuse bilateral patchy opacities. His oxygen requirements continued to increase with decreasing ROX index and hence was transferred to the Intensive Care Unit. Repeat PCR for SARS-COV-2 was significant for a high viral load. Approval for compassionate use of REGEN-COV was obtained and administered to the patient. Following administration, his symptoms improved significantly with the transition from HFNC to simple nasal cannula oxygen. Repeat PCR for SARS-CoV-2 also showed a remarkable decline of the viral load. He was transferred back to the medical floors and later to the skilled nursing facility once he was clinically more stable. DISCUSSION: In the United States, REGEN-COV (Casirivimab/Imdevimab) treatment has been approved for emergency use since November 2020. The combination of these two neutralizing immunoglobulin gamma 1 (IgG1) mAb attacks the spike protein of the SARS-CoV-2 virus and has been shown to effectively prevent the progression of symptomatic COVID-19 pneumonia and decrease the high viral load of SARS-CoV-2. It also reduces COVID-19 related hospitalization or death, especially in immunosuppressed patients. Our patient received dexamethasone, remdesivir, tocilizumab, and convalescent plasma as part of conventional COVID-19 treatment with continued worsening of COVID-19 pneumonia. However, the compassionate use of REGEN-COV led to rapid clinical improvement of the patient's symptoms and reduced the SARS-CoV-2 viral load. CONCLUSIONS: Hence, physicians and FDA should consider expanding the use of REGEN-COV mAB therapy to immunosuppressed patients with rapidly worsening COVID-19 pneumonia in adjunct to conventional COVID-19 treatment. Reference #1: Stein D, Oviedo-Orta E, Kampman WA, McGinniss J, Betts G, McDermott M, Holly B, Lancaster JM, Braunstein N, Yancopoulos GD, Weinreich DM. Compassionate Use of REGEN-COV ® in Patients with COVID-19 and Immunodeficiency-Associated Antibody Disorders. Clin Infect Dis. 2021 Dec 31:ciab1059. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciab1059. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 34971385;PMCID: PMC8755381. Reference #2: O'Brien MP, Forleo-Neto E, Musser BJ, Isa F, Chan KC, Sarkar N, Bar KJ, Barnabas RV, Barouch DH, Cohen MS, Hurt CB, Burwen DR, Marovich MA, Hou P, Heirman I, Davis JD, Turner KC, Ramesh D, Mahmood A, Hooper AT, Hamilton JD, Kim Y, Purcell LA, Baum A, Kyratsous CA, Krainson J, Perez-Perez R, Mohseni R, Kowal B, DiCioccio AT, Stahl N, Lipsich L, Braunstein N, Herman G, Yancopoulos GD, Weinreich DM;Covid-19 Phase 3 Prevention Trial Team. Subcutaneous REGEN-COV Antibody Combination to Prevent Covid-19. N Engl J Med. 2021 Sep 23;385(13):1184-1195. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa2109682. Epub 2021 Aug 4. PMID: 34347950;PMCI : PMC8362593. Reference #3: Weinreich DM, Sivapalasingam S, Norton T, Ali S, Gao H, Bhore R, Xiao J, Hooper AT, Hamilton JD, Musser BJ, Rofail D, Hussein M, Im J, Atmodjo DY, Perry C, Pan C, Mahmood A, Hosain R, Davis JD, Turner KC, Baum A, Kyratsous CA, Kim Y, Cook A, Kampman W, Roque-Guerrero L, Acloque G, Aazami H, Cannon K, Simón-Campos JA, Bocchini JA, Kowal B, DiCioccio AT, Soo Y, Geba GP, Stahl N, Lipsich L, Braunstein N, Herman G, Yancopoulos GD;Trial Investigators. REGEN-COV Antibody Combination and Outcomes in Outpatients with Covid-19. N Engl J Med. 2021 Dec 2;385(23):e81. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa2108163. Epub 2021 Sep 29. PMID: 34587383;PMCID: PMC8522800. DISCLOSURES: No relevant relationships by Mubashir Ayaz Ahmed No relevant relationships by Shayet Hossain Eshan No relevant relationships by Sami Hussein No relevant relationships by Khalid Hussein No relevant relationships by Kamalnath Sankaran Rajagopalan No relevant relationships by Chenyu Sun

Use of colchicine in COVID-19 hospitalized patients

Background COVID-19 has become a global public health challenge. Owing to a lack of knowledge about the virus, a significant number of potential targets for using a particular drug have been proposed. Colchicine is an old drug that has been widely used in autoimmune and inflammatory disorders. Aim The aim was to compare the effect of colchicine added to the standard of care treatment versus the standard of care treatment alone in hospitalized COVID-19 cases. Patients and methods This retrospective study was conducted on 100 patients who were admitted to Ain Shams University Field Hospital. Patients were divided to two equal groups: group A received colchicine plus the standard of care treatment, and group B received the standard of care treatment. Results Group A showed significant reduction in the duration of the constitutional symptoms and hospital stay. Group A showed significant reduction in ICU admission and the need for invasive mechanical ventilation. Furthermore, the mortality rate was significantly lower in group A. Conclusion Colchicine is a well-tolerated add-on treatment that significantly improved the constitutional symptoms, reduced the days of hospital stay, reduced the rate of ICU admission, reduced the need for mechanical ventilation, and also significantly improved the mortality rate. (C) 2022 The Egyptian Journal of Chest Diseases and Tuberculosis 2090-9950

Autonomous Robots for Deep Mask-Wearing Detection in Educational Settings during Pandemics

The COVID-19 pandemic has severely impacted various aspects of life, where countries closed their borders, and workplaces and educational institutions shut down their premises in response to lockdowns. This has adversely affected the lives of everyone, including millions of students worldwide, socially, mentally, and physically. Governments and educational authorities worldwide have taken preventive measures, such as social distancing and mask wearing, to control the spread of the virus. This paper proposes an AI-powered autonomous robot for deep mask-wearing detection to enforce proper mask wearing in educational settings. The system includes (1) Simultaneous Localization and Mapping framework to map and navigate the environment (i.e., laboratories and classrooms), (2) a multiclass face mask detection software, and (3) an auditory system to identify and alert improper or no mask wearing. We train our face mask detector using MobileNetV2 architecture and YOLOv2 object detector classification. The results demonstrate that our robot can navigate an educational environment while avoiding obstacles to detect violations. The proposed face mask detection and classification subsystem achieved a 91.4% average precision when tested on students in an engineering laboratory environment.

Multiband Handset Antenna System for UMTS/LTE/WLAN/Sub-6 5G and mmWave 5G Future Smartphones

In this paper, a new antenna system for rapidly emerging multifunction devices is presented. The proposed antenna system consists of four antenna components each one operating at different frequency bands separately. The designed antennas are isolated and integrated on a single substrate. The first antenna is designed to operate at 1920–2170 MHz covering the UMTS band, whereas the second antenna is proposed for the lower band 5G systems and WiMAX operating within the frequency range of 3.4–4.2 GHz. Furthermore, another antenna is designed to cover the higher band 5G system and the IEEE 820.11a WLAN within the frequency range of 5.1–5.85 GHz. Finally, a 28 GHz bowtie-based MIMO antenna array is designed and simulated for the mmWave future 5G mobile networks. The proposed antennas were designed and simulated by using CST microwave studio. The results showed that all of the proposed antennas exhibited excellent reflection characteristics below −20 dB at the resonant frequency and achieved high radiation efficiency reached 99% in some cases with a peak gain ranging between 4–6 dBi. The proposed antenna system helps smartphones to perform multitasks and achieve a better-quality operation especially with the enormous growth of IoT techniques.

A “Not So Quiet” Revolution: Systemic Benefits and Challenges of Telehealth in the Context of COVID-19 in Quebec (Canada)

The COVID-19 pandemic has had a major impact on health and social service systems (HSSS) worldwide. It has put tremendous pressure on these systems, threatening access, continuity, and the quality of patient care and services. In Quebec (Canada), the delivery of care and services has radically changed in a short period of time. During the pandemic, telehealth has been widely deployed and used, notwithstanding the decades-long challenges of integrating this service modality into the Quebec HSSS. Adopting a narrative-integrative approach, this article describes and discusses Quebec's experience with the deployment and utilization of telehealth in the context of COVID-19. Firstly, we introduced the achievements and benefits made with the use of telehealth. Secondly, we discussed the challenges and concerns that were revealed or accentuated by the sanitary crisis, such as: (1) training and information;(2) professional and organizational issues;(3) quality of services and patient satisfaction;(4) cost, remuneration, and funding;(5) technology and infrastructure;(6) the emergence of private telehealth platforms in a public HSSS;(7) digital divide and equity;and (8) legal and regulatory issues. Finally, the article presents recommendations to guide future research, policies and actions for a successful integration of telehealth in the Quebec HSSS as well as in jurisdictions and countries facing comparable challenges. © Copyright © 2021 Alami, Lehoux, Attieh, Fortin, Fleet, Niang, Offredo, Rouquet, Ag Ahmed and Ly.

Determination of the cut-off score of Human platelets membrane glycoprotein IIb/IIIa in COVID-19 patients: A novel biomarker and a therapeutic target

Although many vaccines have been approved for COVID-19, the continuing high incidence motivates the importance of drug repositioning. Among COVID-19 multiple complications, severe pneumonia and thromboembolism-related death are the most aggressive. We aimed to monitor the mechanisms by which SARSCoV-2 led to severe illness and death to explore targets for therapies. Our objective was achieved by determining the cut-off of the novel biomarker human platelet membrane glycoproteins IIb/IIIa (CD41/CD61) (GPIIb/IIIa) in microparticle free plasma separated from peripheral blood samples of COVID-19 patients and healthy subjects using the ELISA technique. In comparison with the control, we observed an elevated level of GPIIb/IIIa in COVID-19 patients, especially those with severe illness including severe pneumonia and pulmonary embolism. Our data indicate the relevance of determination of GPIIb/IIIa as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for haematological complications including platelet aggregation and pulmonary embolism in COVID-19 patients suffering from severe illness. We conclude that determination of GPIIb/IIIa level by an easy, reliable, and low-cost ELISA kit helps in early diagnosis of haematological complications in COVID-19 patients and may help in improving the clinical outcomes and treatment of COVID-19 patients. Adding GPIIb/IIIa inhibitors (synthetic or natural products) to the treatment protocol of COVID-19 patients may add benefit in improving the clinical outcomes of COVID-19 patients. © 2022 National Information and Documentation Center (NIDOC)

A new extension of fuzzy decision by opinion score method based on Fermatean fuzzy: A benchmarking COVID-19 machine learning methods

To date, for the purpose of solving the complex problems in the area of expert system, Multi criteria decision making is the best technique to offer the suitable solution. In the academic literature, the MCDM methods suffered from many challenges. The most important challenges are uncertainty and vagueness. One of the latest MCDM method, called the fuzzy decision by opinion score method (FDOSM). However, there are still some vagueness issues around these methods (mention some of them). According to the advantage of the Fermatean fuzzy set in solving these issues, in this research extends FDOSM into Fermatean-FDOSM so as to effectively benchmark the real-life problem. In this study, we present our methodology in two phases. The first phase presents the mathematical model of Fermatean-FDOSM which is composed of three stages of FDOSM. The second phase applied the new extension to benchmark the COVID-19 machine learning methods. The finding of Fermatean-FDOSM after comparing the result with the basic FDSOM and TOPSIS, is more logical and undergoing a systematic ranking. In the validation process, objective validation is applied to validate the final result of Fermatean-FDOSM. The result of Fermatean-FDOSM is valid, and more logical and in line with decision makers’ opinions. [ FROM AUTHOR] Copyright of Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems is the property of IOS Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full . (Copyright applies to all s.)

COVID-19: Understanding Construction Industry Responses on Twitter in the Emergence of Novel Coronavirus

COVID-19 has spread rampantly in 2020 and people in different countries experienced unprecedented challenges to respond immediately. It has deeply shaken different industries and the overall economy. Many businesses were closed during this disease outbreak, but the construction industry continued to operate while others struggled. As the pandemic spread, the intensity of social media interactions dramatically increased as people started maintaining physical distances and staying at home. Recent studies have shown that social media serves the purpose of disseminating information in major crises and such social interactions correlate with what happens in the real world. Unlike traditional media, social media data also offered sufficient statistical power to understand risk communication patterns. The construction industry adopted innovative strategies to continue its operations and activities while responding to a number of concerns associated with health risks of the workers on site. This study aims at identifying the emerging communication patterns of construction stakeholders on social media (Twitter) during COVID-19. Around 12 million tweets were collected in the early days of the ongoing pandemic (March, April, and May 2020) by Twitter Application Programming Interface (API), in the region of North America;then filtered this data based on keywords pertaining to COVID-19 and construction activities. Such information was processed by applying several machine learning and natural language processing techniques. The spatiotemporal patterns of construction risk communication revealed in this study would support policymakers, businesses, and other industries to take more efficient measures and be more resilient both in the current and future pandemics.